Global gleanings no 11

Posted on 2022-03-01 by Peter Lor

A column of news, views and snippets from the international literature of books, libraries, and information, compiled by Peter Lor

In loco parentis?

Not many readers of this column will be old enough to remember the impassioned debates about children’s books, which raged in the Cape Town newspapers in the early 1970s. They were set off by a decision taken by Cape Town City Libraries to ban from their collections popular children’s series such as those by Enid Blyton (who authored over 600 books separately and in various series), the Just William books, by Richman Compton, the detective stories featuring the Hardy Boys, and Nancy Drew (both series written by a syndicates of authors and published under pseudonyms) and, in Afrikaans, the Trompie and Saartjie series both written by Topsy Smith. Kids lapped them up, one after another, but the librarian in charge of selecting books for Cape Town children, Lydia Pienaar, who had recently been awarded masters and doctoral degrees for her work on children’s literature, decreed that the addicted children wasted valuable time they should have spent reading books of better quality. She had worked out that the average child could only read about 700 books during childhood. After that the golden opportunity to enjoy good children’s books from a child’s perspective, was lost for good. Her opponents, including many parents, argued that these books got kids reading books, which was better than not reading at all or, horrors! reading comics.

Front cover of the first book in the William series. Image (c) Richmal Compton

Comics

The debate about comics is not over. In a 2020 article in the Washington Posts’ Perspectives section, children’s librarian Karen MacPherson makes the case that comics, which she prefers not to call graphic novels, are real books and can be a valuable literacy tool to encourage reluctant readers (MacPherson 2020). 

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Reflections on librarians and time, I: Bach, anyone?

Posted on 2022-01-22 by Peter Lor

This is intended to be the first of a series of blog posts under the rubric, Reflections on librarians and time. It is a pervasive, multidimensional theme, which impacts the library and information professions in many ways. I shall indulge myself by meandering through it as thoughts strike me, in no particular order and to no particular plan.

As I grow older, I have become more aware of the passing of time. Time seems to pass more rapidly. The days and seasons are shorter. I seem to get less done, probably because I’m slower. I waste time because I dither and fuss. I also seem to read more obituaries.

While working on the first chapter of my book on international and comparative librarianship (Lor 2019), I spent some time looking at the history of international librarianship, and I tried to identify a suitable periodization for the topic. I became increasingly aware of librarians’ world-wide and timeless striving for universality, for building collections that are comprehensive in respect of genre, geography, and time – a self-imposed burden which causes librarians and information workers always to be looking both backwards, to retrieve, record and preserve the documentary heritage of the past, and forwards, to keep up with and anticipate the flood of new information-bearing media and to ensure that they can provide future users with prompt access to it.

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Cataloguing, with love from Italy

Posted on 2021-12-21 by Peter Lor

In a conversation in a faculty meeting in a leading South African LIS school in the early 1970s, I ventured the opinion that cataloguing is a central competency of any librarian. This was greeted with of derision. Since then, as a manager and researcher, I have observed the practical consequences of the drift away from all library-related things towards the “harder” and more academically respectable discipline of information science. As an ineducable dinosaur, I remain convinced of the centrality of cataloguing in the information professions. You may not have to, or want to, catalogue, but some understanding of the principles of cataloguing is essential to almost any facet of information service. Cataloguing is not a refuge for shrinking violets, for pernickety, nit-picking, obsessive-compulsive types who become librarians because they don’t like dealing with people. Cataloguing is for connecting people with resources. It is basic to the selection, acquisition/ingestion, storage, retrieval/discovery, and availability of bibliographic resources of all kinds, ancient and modern, physical and virtual.

This came to mind when my friend Mauro Guerrini, a professor in the University of Florence, Italy, sent me an advance copy of his book, Dalla catalogazione alla metadatazione: Tracce di un percorso [From cataloging to metadating: traces of a journey] (Guerrini 2020). 

I have to say at the outset that I’m not qualified to expertly review a book on cataloguing. I was taught cataloguing in the mid-1960s, when the rules were set out in the ALA Cataloging rules for author and title entries of 1949, a revision of the 1908 Cataloguing rules, which had been the result of a collaboration between the American Library Association and the (British) Library Association. This was a slim volume with a brick-red softcover. Roughly when I first started teaching in a library school, the “blue code” was introduced: the Anglo-American Cataloging Rules (AACR) of 1967, a much thicker volume with a blue softcover. (For correct names and dates of the various editions see Guerrini or Haider (2021).)

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Global Gleanings #10

Posted on 2021-12-03 by Peter Lor

This is a slightly expanded version of my column of news, views and snippets from the international literature of books, libraries, and information, compiled for LIASA-in-Touch, the quarterly newsletter of the Library and Information Association of South Africa (LIASA).

I devoted my previous column to libraries and social justice. In this column I follow up by giving prominence to an important article dealing with libraries and social development, before moving on to other topics.

Making libraries developmentally relevant

It is an article of faith of LIS workers worldwide that libraries and information services matter.  We believe that libraries make a difference in people’s lives, and that they can contribute significantly to national development. But there is often an undertone of frustration. We realize that we are not making the impact we should. In 2011 there were more than 350,000 public libraries worldwide, of which more than 250,000 were in developing and transitioning countries, but their potential was not recognized, and opportunities to put them to work in developing communities were being missed. Instead, development resources were wasted and the wheel was being re-invented through the largely unsuccessful introduction of new agencies such as telecentres, while public libraries barely featured on the horizon of development agencies.

In a recent article in Public library quarterly, Ari Katz (A. Katz 2021) describes an international donor-funded programme which attempted to change this. Concurrently with the programmes launched by the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (United Nations 2015), which offered opportunities for enterprising LIS leaders to insert their countries’ libraries into multi-disciplinary programmes, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation was engaged in its ambitious Global Libraries initiative. As part of this initiative, the Foundation contracted IREX, a US foundation, to undertake a series of projects promoting public library development in a dozen low- and middle-income countries. The projects, part of the Beyond Access programme, which ran from 2011 to 2018, aimed at forming a link between public libraries and the development community. Continue reading →

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Global Gleanings #9

Posted on 2021-09-01 by Peter Lor

This is a slightly expanded version of my column of news, views and snippets from the international literature of books, libraries, and information, compiled for LIASA-in-Touch, the quarterly newsletter of the Library and Information Association of South Africa (LIASA).

An unexpected eruption?

I had started writing this column when, suddenly, violence and looting erupted in KwaZulu-Natal and Gauteng. As I write now, churches and other faith communities are calling upon their members to pray for peace. At the same time social media are sharing heart-warming reports of people coming together to clear away the debris and clean the looted shops and malls. It is good to see and hear this, and even better to participate. Understandably, we are responding to the immediate problem of restoring normality – something that has preoccupied us since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Returning to normality?

But, while we all want peace and order to return, what sort of normality do we want to return to? The same society, with its unemployment, poverty, hunger and deprivation, the same inequality?

There can be no lasting peace without justice. Massive inequality is not compatible with social justice, and it is not a good basis for a stable democracy. The Gini coefficient measures economic inequality, or more strictly, income inequality (Investopedia). According to the World Population Review, South Africa this year (2021) has the highest Gini coefficient of all the 165 countries reported. Here the highest number means being the bottom of the class. We live in one of the most unequal societies on the planet. If this does not change, the tinder will still be there, waiting for the next spark to set it ablaze. Once again, it raised in my mind a question that has been nagging me for many years: what can libraries do to promote social justice? So, I set aside most of the literature I had collected, to focus on some literature on social justice and libraries – with a bit of political philosophy thrown in.

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Webinar on International LIS Research: video & documents

Posted on 2021-06-08 by Peter Lor

A video recording of the Webinar on International Research in LIS, held by the Library Theory and Research (LTR) Section of IFLA on 27 May, is now available at https://www.ifla.org/publications/node/93943?og=5794. My presentation (at 4:41) was followed by a quite interesting questions and answers slot (at 21:17).

The event programme, presenter biographies, and my select annotated Bibliography on International and Comparative Research in LIS are at https://iflaltr.wordpress.com/international-research-in-lis/.

A somewhat longer version of the Bibliography can be found here.

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Global gleanings #8

Posted on 2021-06-01 by Peter Lor

This is a slightly expanded version of my column of news, views and snippets from the international literature of books, libraries, and information, compiled for LIASA-in-Touch, the quarterly newsletter of the Library and Information Association of South Africa (LIASA)

Virtual or real?

As contemporary librarians we devote a lot of our attention and reflection to virtual things: digital delivery of web-based resources, digital courses, meetings, services… whole libraries are today virtual, so much so that virtual has become the default in much of our professional discourse. But non-virtual, concrete, touchable things like physical books and flesh-and-blood library users who come to a real reference desk are also still around, and today I’ll concentrate on these. As an aside, when I started wondering how to refer to non-virtual things, I turned to the website Wordhippo.com to find over a hundred antonyms listed for the various meanings of the adjective ‘virtual’.  ‘Real’ seems to the simplest choice, although, of course, you can have really virtual stuff and virtual reality…

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Webinar on International Research — update and link to Bibliography

Posted on 2021-05-21 by Peter Lor

For the full programme and CVs of presenters and panelists, see  https://iflaltr.wordpress.com/international-research-in-lis/.

I have added a link to my brief annotated bibliography of international and comparative LIS research.

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Webinar on International Research in LIS

Posted on 2021-05-04 by Peter Lor
logo-ifla

I’m pleased to post here the announcement of a forthcoming webinar on International Research in LIS organized by IFLA’s section for Library Theory and Research.

IFLA Webinar: International Research in LIS

Wednesday, May 26 at 17:00 – 18:30 Central European Time CET/UTC+1

Registration Link: https://zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_RiZ4D19BQtG1kap1rKjdLA

Cost: Free

This webinar will explore international and comparative research in Library and Information Science (LIS). Peter Lor, former IFLA Secretary General and the author of International and Comparative Librarianship will give an introductory talk to examine what is meant by international and comparative research in LIS, what can be learned from such research, and outline what special pitfalls and challenges are to be considered. The introduction will be followed by a panel of LIS journal editors discussing and evaluating the international and comparative LIS research submitted to their journals. The webinar will also include two presentations of international research by Anna Maria Tammaro and Amy van Scoy.

Speakers

●      Peter Lor (University of Pretoria, South Africa)

●      Anna Maria Tammaro (University of Parma, Italy)

●      Amy van Scoy (University at Buffalo, USA)

Panelists

●      Kendra Albright and Theo Bothma (Libri)

●      Juan Daniel Machin Mastromatteo (Information Development)

●      Steve Witt (IFLA Journal)

Moderators: Krystyna Matusiak (University of Denver, USA), Egbert Sanchez (National Autonomous University of Mexico), and Stefan Schmunk (University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Germany)

Organized by the IFLA Library Theory and Research

​Come and join us, and please share this invitation with colleagues in your region and professional network.

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Global gleanings #7

Posted on 2021-03-01 by Peter Lor

An infodemic: bad news

In an earlier column I referred to the “infodemic”: a veritable avalanche of news, information, and misinformation that has accompanied the Covid-19 pandemic. Misinformation in a health crisis can have serious, even fatal, consequences.[1] Comments by opinion leaders such as Brazil’s President Jair Bolsanaro (“it’s just a little flu”)[2] or President Trump (“It will just go away, you’ll see”)[3] can seriously undermine the efforts of their epidemiologists and public health workers to bring the pandemic under control. This is illustrated by the high rates of infection in Brazil and the USA respectively. The misinformation put out by “viral” social media messages and by slick anti-establishment, pseudo-science websites spreads like wildfire, stoking distrust, suspicion, frustration and anger. My mother used to quote a Dutch proverb to the effect that, “no matter how fast a lie runs, the truth will always catch up with it”. Unfortunately, today that is no longer true. By the time the facts have been checked and the correct information is disseminated, the offending message, having done its mischief,  has already been forgotten, buried in a layer of new misinformation.

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